427. Bổn Sanh Jātaka (Gương Soi Đạo Đức)

“Parisaṅkupatho nāma,

gijjhapantho sanantano;

Tatrāsi mātāpitaro,

gijjho posesi jiṇṇake;

Tesaṁ ajagaramedaṁ,

accahāsi bahuttaso.

Pitā ca puttaṁ avaca,

Jānaṁ uccaṁ papātinaṁ;

Supattaṁ thāmasampannaṁ,

Tejassiṁ dūragāminaṁ.

Pariplavantaṁ pathaviṁ,

yadā tāta vijānahi;

Sāgarena parikkhittaṁ,

cakkaṁva parimaṇḍalaṁ;

Tato tāta nivattassu,

māssu etto paraṁ gami.

Udapattosi vegena,

balī pakkhī dijuttamo;

Olokayanto vakkaṅgo,

pabbatāni vanāni ca.

Addassa pathaviṁ gijjho,

yathāsāsi pitussutaṁ;

Sāgarena parikkhittaṁ,

cakkaṁva parimaṇḍalaṁ.

Tañca so samatikkamma,

paramevaccavattatha;

Tañca vātasikhā tikkhā,

accahāsi baliṁ dijaṁ.

Nāsakkhātigato poso,

punadeva nivattituṁ;

Dijo byasanamāpādi,

verambhānaṁ vasaṁ gato.

Tassa puttā ca dārā ca,

ye caññe anujīvino;

Sabbe byasanamāpāduṁ,

anovādakare dije.

Evampi idha vuḍḍhānaṁ,

yo vākyaṁ nāvabujjhati;

Atisīmacaro ditto,

gijjhovātītasāsano;

Sa ve byasanaṁ pappoti,

akatvā vuḍḍhasāsanan”ti.

Gijjhajātakaṁ paṭhamaṁ.

PTS vp Pali 483 “Formed of rough logs;” etc.—This story the Master told at Jetavana concerning a, disobedient Brother. He was, they say, of gentle birth, and though ordained in the doctrine that leads to Salvation, was admonished by his well-wishers, masters, teachers, and fellow-students to this effect: “Thus must you advance and thus retreat; thus look at or away from objects; thus must the arm be stretched out or drawn back; thus are the inner and outer garment to be worn; thus is the bowl to be held, and when you have received sufficient food to sustain life, after self-examination, thus are you to partake of it, keeping guard over the door of the senses; in eating you are to be moderate and exercise watchfulness; you are to recognize such and such duties towards Brethren who come to or go from the monastery; these are the fourteen sets of priestly duties, and the eighty great duties to duly performed; these are the thirteen Dhuta practices; all these are to be scrupulously performed.” Yet was he disobedient and impatient, and did not receive instruction respectfully, but refused to listen to them, saying, “I do not find fault with you. Why do you speak thus to me? I shall know what is for my good, and what is not.” Then the Brethren, hearing of his disobedience, sat in the Hall of Truth, telling of his faults. The Master came and asked them what it was they were discussing, and sent for the Brother and said, “Is it true, Brother, that you are disobedient?” And when he confessed that it was so, the Master said, “Why, Brother, after being ordained in so excellent a doctrine that leads to Salvation, PTS vp Pali 484 do you not listen to the voice of your well-wishers? Formerly too you disobeyed the voice of the wise, and were blown into atoms by the Veramba wind.” And herewith he told a story of the past.

Once upon a time the Bodhisatta came to life as a young vulture on Vulture Mountain. Now his offspring Supatta, the king of the vultures, PTS vp En 288 was strong and lusty and had a following of many thousands of vultures, and he fed the parent birds. And owing to his strength he used to fly to a very great distance. So his father admonished him and said, “My son, you must not go beyond such and such a point.” He said, “Very good,” but one day when it rained, he flew up with the other vultures, and leaving the rest behind, and going beyond the prescribed limit, he came within the range of the Veramba wind, and was blown into atoms.

The Master, in his Perfect Wisdom, to illustrate this incident, uttered these verses:

Formed of rough logs, an ancient pathway led
To dizzy heights, where a young vulture fed
The parent birds. Lusty and strong of wing
He oft to them would fat of serpents bring;
And when his father saw him flying high
And venturing far afield, he thus would cry,
“My son, when thou canst scan from thy look out
Earth’s rounded sphere by ocean girt about,
No farther go, but straight return, I pray.”
Then would this king of birds speed on his way,
And bending o’er the earth, with piercing sight
He viewed below forest and mountain height:
And earth would, as his sire described, appear
Amid the encircling sea a rounded sphere.
But when beyond these limits he had passed,
Strong bird though he might be, a raging blast
Swept him away to an untimely death,
Powerless to cope with storm-wind’s fiery breath.
PTS vp Pali 485 Thus did the bird by disobedience prove
Fatal to those dependent on his love:
So perish all that scornful of old age
Deride the warnings uttered by the sage,
As the young vulture Wisdom’s voice defied
And scorned the limits set to bound his pride.

PTS vp Pali 486 “ Therefore, Brother, be not like unto this vulture, but do the bidding of your well-wishers.” And being thus admonished by the Master, he thenceforth became obedient.

The Master, his lesson ended, identified the Birth: “The disobedient vulture of those days is now the disobedient Brother. The parent vulture was myself.”